Explanation:
Before adding, subtracting, multiplying, or dividing mixed numbers, always convert any mixed numbers into improper (top-heavy) fractions first. To add or subtract fractions, find a common denominator, convert both numerators, and then add or subtract the numerators only.
To multiply fractions, multiply the numerators together and multiply the denominators together. To divide by a fraction, use Keep, Change, Flip: keep the first fraction, change ÷ to ×, and flip the second fraction upside down. Simplify your final answer and convert back to a mixed number if required.
Example 1: Work out 234 − 125
Solution:
Improper fractions: 114 − 75
Common denominator of 4 and 5 is 20:
= 5520 − 2820 = 2720
Answer: 1720
Example 2: Work out 145 ÷ 310
Solution:
Improper fraction: 145 = 95
Keep, Change, Flip: 95 × 103
Multiply across: 9 × 105 × 3 = 9015
Answer: 6