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The product rule

Free Printable The product rule PDF Worksheets, Revision Guide & GCSE Past Paper Questions (Grade 6)

Download free the product rule worksheets (PDF), GCSE maths past paper questions and worked solutions for The product rule (6C). This is a Grade 6 number topic from the GCSE questions by topic collection for Higher tier GCSE Maths (Edexcel, AQA, OCR and IGCSE).

The free PDF worksheets table below brings together printable question booklets (Qs) and worked answers or mark schemes (Ans) from Maths Genie, Corbett Maths, Dr Frost, 1st Class Maths, Metatutor, Dr Austin, E Classroom and PMT, along with past paper question booklets.

Below the worksheet links you can read our the product rule revision notes and worked examples with diagrams, try real GCSE past paper the product rule questions with step-by-step solutions, or download a PDF of all the product rule worksheet links.

Free The product rule PDF Worksheets & Answers

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GCSE Maths Grade 6 Revision Notes & Method

Guide to The product rule: Explanation, Diagrams & Worked Examples

Download Printable One Page Guide (PDF)

Explanation:

The product rule for counting states that if there are m ways to make a first choice and n ways to make a second choice, the total number of combinations is m × n.

If items cannot be repeated, reduce the number of available choices by 1 for each next position. If you are choosing a pair of items where order does not matter (e.g. picking a team of 2 people or handshakes), divide by 2 at the end so each pair is not counted twice.

Example 1: A restaurant menu has 5 starters, 8 main courses, and 4 desserts. How many different 3-course meals can be chosen?

Solution:

Multiply the number of choices for each course:
Total meals = 5 × 8 × 4
5 × 8 = 40; 40 × 4 = 160
Answer: 160 meals

Example 2: A 4-digit PIN uses digits from 1 to 9 with no repeated digits. The first digit must be even (2, 4, 6 or 8). How many PINs are possible?

Solution:

1st digit: 4 choices (2, 4, 6, or 8)
2nd digit: 8 remaining digits (from the 9 digits 1–9)
3rd digit: 7 choices; 4th digit: 6 choices
Total = 4 × 8 × 7 × 6 = 1344
Answer: 1344 PINs
Scanned GCSE Exam Questions & Worked Solutions

GCSE Past Paper The product rule Questions & Answers

Past Paper Example 1 AQA Jun 2025 3H Q15 3 marks
Amy and Becky each make integers using **three** single digits.
In any integer, digits may be repeated.
• Amy makes **even** integers with a first digit greater than 7
• Becky makes **odd** integers with a first digit that is non-zero.
They each make as many different integers as possible.
How many **more** integers than Amy does Becky make?
Worked Solution & Mark Scheme (3 marks)
Amy: 1st digit ∈ {8, 9} (2 choices), 2nd digit (10 choices), 3rd digit even (5 choices) ⇒ 2 × 10 × 5 = 100 M1
Becky: 1st digit ∈ {1..9} (9 choices), 2nd digit (10 choices), 3rd digit odd (5 choices) ⇒ 9 × 10 × 5 = 450 M1
Difference = 450 – 100 = 350. A1
Answer: Answer 350
Past Paper Example 2 GCSE Jun 2025 2H Q14 3 marks
There are 15 dogs in a dog show.
One dog is awarded first prize.
A different dog is awarded second prize.
There are 12 cats in a cat show.
One cat is awarded first prize.
A different cat is awarded second prize.
Work out how many different ways these four prizes can be awarded.
Worked Solution & Mark Scheme (3 marks)
Ways for dogs = 15 × 14 = 210 M1
Ways for cats = 12 × 11 = 132 M1
Total ways = 210 × 132 = 27 720. A1
Answer: 27 720
Past Paper Example 3 GCSE May 2019 1H Q16 4 marks
There are three dials on a combination lock.
Each dial can be set to one of the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
The three digit number 553 is one way the dials can be set, as shown in the diagram.
454523
(a) Work out the number of different three digit numbers that can be set for the combination lock. [2 marks]
(b) How many of the possible three digit numbers have three different digits? [2 marks]
Worked Solution & Mark Scheme (4 marks)
Part (a) Solution:
5 × 5 × 5 = 125 M1 A1
Answer (a): 125
Part (b) Solution:
5 × 4 × 3 = 60 M1 A1
Answer (b): 60

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